How can governments ensure that the restrictions placed on individual freedoms in the name of the common good are both effective and fair for all members of society?

Governments can ensure that restrictions placed on individual freedoms in the name of the common good are effective and fair by implementing transparent and evidence-based decision-making processes. They should also engage with the public and seek input from diverse stakeholders to ensure that the restrictions are equitable and consider the needs of all members of society. Additionally, governments should regularly review and evaluate the impact of the restrictions to ensure that they are achieving their intended goals and are not disproportionately affecting certain groups. Finally, governments should provide clear communication and education to the public about the reasons for the restrictions and how they can comply with them to foster understanding and cooperation.